How many types of Programming Languages do you know exist ???
What Is Programming Language?
As we have already mentioned and explained programming languages in our previous blog, let’s now delve into their types. There are many different types and categories of programming languages: Procedural, Functional, Object-Oriented, Scripting, Logic etc.
A programming language is a way for the Developers or Programmer to communicate with computers and other devices(IOT) using machine understandable code.
There are many programming language available across the world, each language is created for specific features and when the language is written it is required to be translated into bytecode and machine code which the computer can then perform.
Different Types Of Programming Language
Now let us look at the different ways these programming languages can be grouped and categorised. There was many ways we can grow these languages based on their behaviour, execution style, structure and many other parameters. The diagram below shows some the common ways to define and group the programming languages as Procedural, Functional,Logic based, OOPs, Scripting etc to name a few.
Procedural Programming Languages
A computer programming languages that is formulated for writing programs and it concentrate on explaining the process that a program need to gain some target. It is best for those tasks where a big problem has to divided into smaller and find a simpler way to get the solutions. In the other word, a programming model that is based upon the concept of procedure, that means routines, functions and includes some computational steps.
- PL/C
- PL/I
- MATLAB
- HyperTalk
- Go
- Ada
- Fortran
Functional Programming Languages
Functional programming languages is based on mathematical functions and avoid movable data. It utilized it’s functions as a primary building blocks of programs. Here you cannot change the data structure which is created and it is formulated when modifications are required. It has other important features that is pure function that means provide same input as same output. Some common examples of Functional programming languages are
- ML
- Erlang
- Haskell
- F#
- Scala
Object-oriented Programming Languages
The concepts of OOPs are Classes, Object, Polymorphism, Abstraction, Inheritance & Encapsulation. This language is based on the principle of object-oriented programming. This language is totally depends upon object –oriented program and circulated around the concept of object. With the help of this language developer construct and formulate software that can charge to more organized and maintainable code. Examples of OOPs languages are:
- Java
- Python
- PHP
- C++
- Ruby
Scripting Languages
This language is constructed to utilized for easy and quick writing scripts that help in automation of tasks, exploit data and have to perform several functions. This is a simple language that anyone can use and utilized to automate the tasks manipulate the data. Some famour scripting languages are : Python, and Bash etc. these languages make the important tools in automation and programming.
- Bash
- JavaScript
- Lua
- Tcl
- VBScript
- Windows PowerShell
- F-Script
- BeanShell
Markup Languages
A markup language can be defined as an artificial language that used for annotating a document so that it is syntactically distinguishable from the text, the text that define how the text is to be displayed.
Examples:
- HTML
- XML
- XHTML
- SGML
- Curl
Logic Programming Languages
It is based on the principle of formal logic and these languages is beneficial to solves the query in symbolic reasoning, knowledge representations etc. It is focus on what we have to gain rather how we can and it also consists of inference mechanism that permit the system to reduce latest logic from the rules and facts. Some of the logic programming languages include:
- Prolog
- Absys
- Datalog
- Alma-0
- Fril
- Janus
Machine languages
These languages are directly executable by a compute Central Processing Unit. Machine languages are typically coded in bit patterns, represented in octal or hexadecimal forms.
Examples:
- ARM
- DEC
- x86
- IBM System/360
- MIPS
- Sun, Oracle SPARC
Visual languages
In Visual Languages users can specify programs in a 2-D or more way instead one-dimensional (text strings) in visual languages we use graphical elements and figures to develop a program. Some common example of Visual languages include:
- Analytica
- Blockly
- DRAKON
- Fabrik
- Scratch
- Simulink
- Spreadsheets
Concurrent Languages
These languages are constructed for concurrency in Message passing languages. For example, Java shows shared-memory concurrency.
Examples of Concurrent languages:
- Go
- Java
- Julia
- clojure
- Scala
Difference Between Front End & Back End Languages
| S.NO. | Front End | Back End |
| 01 | It makes a user reflecting part of website or application. | It develops a server side of a application or website. |
| 02 | Angular, React are the frameworks of front end | Ruby, Flask & Django are the frameworks of back end. |
| 03 | It is responsible for constructing the layout of application and website. | It create and maintaining APIs, servers and the important database. |
| 04 | Frontend is a part of website, users can interact with it. | Backend means regulate everything behind the scenes. |
| 05 | It include HTML, JavaScript etc. | It include Python, Ruby, Java etc. |
Difference Between High Level & Low Level Language
| S.NO. | High Level | Low Level |
| 01 | There is no requirement of hardware knowledge | Hardware knowledge is required |
| 02 | A simple and easy language to learn. | Not an easy language. |
| 03 | It is portable | It is totally depend on machines and not portable. |
| 04 | Python , Java are the example of high level | Machines code and assembly are the example of low level. |
| 05 | It has the large community. | It has lower community support |
Conclusion
As we know, there are approximately 700+ programming languages, and these languages are categorised into different types and categories like, object-oriented programming languages, scripting languages, markup languages etc.
Programming languages are crucial for all developers and programmers to interact and communicate with computers through code, no matter how simple it may be.
Through this post we have tried to share out thoughts on different ways the known programming languages can be classified based on there syntax, interpretation, behaviour etc.
If you want to know some of the most popular Programming languages that you can pick up and learn in 2023, you can have a look at our post >>
